THE IRISH TIMES
WORLD
Thursday, June 18, 1998
Albanian students get more radical
Students are now more concerned about Kosovo's
independence than on their university rooms, Mark
Brennock reports from Pristina
As violence continues
throughout Kosovo, Lulezon (24) is about to sit his
final exams in computer science and
telecommunications.
However, as one of Kosovo's
ethnic Albanians who make up 90 per cent of the
province's population, his university education has
been far from ordinary.
As large parts of
Pristina's official university campus lay idle,
Lulezon has been attending lectures in private
houses in the town for the past three years. In 1991
up to 1,000 Albanian professors and teaching
assistants, 200 administrative workers and 27,000
students were forcibly expelled from the university
buildings by Serbian police. The same happened in
schools.
Their offence had been to
continue teaching and studying through the Albanian
language, ignoring Serbian President Milosevic's
1991 edict that from then on teaching at the
university would be conducted in SerboCroat (they
call it Serbian since the break-up of Yugoslavia).
Constantly alarmed by the massive Albanian majority
in his southern province, Mr Milosevic sought to
advance Serbian culture there and repress the
Albanian culture as much as possible.
However, since the 1991
mass expulsion the teachers and students have
continued their classes in private houses, styling
themselves as the University of Pristina while
campaigning to be allowed return to the old
premises. Only Serb students, many from outside
Kosovo, have been using the official university
buildings.
In September 1996,
responding to international pressure, an agreement
was signed between Mr Milosevic and Mr Rugova, the
Kosovan Albanian political leader, to allow Albanian
students back in to learn in their own language.
The agreement was not
implemented, but was signed again in March as Mr
Milosevic attempted to appease international concern
at his latest crackdown on the ethnic Albanians. To
date, however, just one building has been opened to
Albanians - that housing Lulezon's faculty,
electrotechnology.
Officially made available
to Albanian students on May 15th, it stands now as
testimony to Serb resistance to such compromises.
All the equipment has been removed from laboratories
which are now empty, unused rooms. "They took
it all with them," says Lulezon. "They
decided they would rather take the laboratory apart
than allow us to use it."
The deal was to create an
extraordinary educational apartheid, with the
Albanian students using the premises in the morning
and the Serbs in the afternoon. The hours were to be
reversed every six months.
Serb students set up a
student resistance movement to oppose the changes on
the grounds that education in Serbia should be
conducted in Serbian. It is exam time now, and none
of their representatives could be contacted in
Pristina yesterday.
Mihane (25) is studying to
be a teacher. Before that she also studied
electrotechnology and hopes to go on to study
psychosexuality. The university grossly overproduces
graduates - few find employment locally and so many
move from course to course. Funds from the Albanian
diaspora help keep the university and individual
students financially afloat.
She agrees that the
standards at the university are questioned by some,
but says universities in Berlin, Vienna, Tirana,
Ljubljana and elsewhere have agreed to admit its
graduates into post-graduate courses, thus giving
them more internationally recognised qualifications.
She does not need high-tech facilities for her
studies, but says the issue has moved beyond the
demand for the return of the university buildings.
"The whole military situation makes it very
difficult to learn. It affects us too much."
Many students say the
situation has changed radically in the last few
months since the latest Serb crackdown. Students
have been to the fore in daily demonstrations by
ethnic Albanians in the streets of Pristina.
"Our level of
education is at around 80 per cent of what it was
before," claims Albin Kurti, an officer of the
Students' Independent Union of the University of
Pristina. "But the war is spreading fast and
whether we get more buildings back is less important
now."
He insists that the
students' union has a policy of non-violence, but
renders his statement fairly meaningless by adding
that the problems in Kosovo can no longer be solved
by non-violence.
Posters from last year in
the student union offices demand simply a
"University of Kosova [the Albanian spelling of
the province's name]". Recent posters say
"Drenica [the area where recent Serbian
killings took place] we are with you". The
double-headed black eagle, the symbol of the Kosovan
independence seekers, is on the wall. There is a
picture of a Kosovo Liberation Army man posing with
a gun.
"There is now a huge
empathy with the KLA," says one student who
does not want to be named. "We are concerned
about Kosovo's independence now, not our university
rooms." |

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